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PalDat - Palynological Database

an online publication on recent pollen

Salix fragilis

Taxonomy: Angiospermae, Malpighiales, Salicaceae, Salix

Published: 2016-07-13

Pollen Description

Shape, Size and Aperture

pollen unit: monad,  dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad,  size (pollen unit): small (10-25 µm),  size of hydrated pollen (LM): -,  shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  pollen class: colpate,  polarity: isopolar,  P/E-ratio: -,  shape: spheroidal,  outline in polar view: circular,  dominant orientation (LM): -,  P/E-ratio (dry pollen): prolate,  shape (dry pollen): -,  outline in polar view (dry pollen): lobate,  infoldings (dry pollen): aperture(s) sunken,  aperture number: 3,  aperture type: colpus,  aperture condition: colpate, tricolpate,  aperture peculiarities: aperture membrane ornamented

Ornamentation and Structure

LM  ornamentation LM: reticulate, heterobrochate,  nexine: -,  sexine: -,  SEM  ornamentation SEM: reticulate, heterobrochate,  suprasculpture SEM: -,  TEM  tectum: semitectate,  infratectum: columellate,  foot layer: discontinuous,  endexine: compact-continuous,  intine: monolayered,  wall peculiarities: -,  supratectal element: -

Miscellaneous

pollen coatings: pollenkitt,  reserves in cytoplasm: -,  cell number: 2-celled,  Ubisch bodies: absent

Author(s) of diagnosis: Halbritter, Heidemarie; Diethart, Bernadette

Pictures

flower(s)

1. flower(s)

male flowers

2. male flowers

male flowers

3. male flowers

pollen grain with generative cell

4. pollen grain with generative cell

upper focus

5. upper focus

optical section

6. optical section

lower focus

7. lower focus

polar view

8. polar view

equatorial view

9. equatorial view

aperture

10. aperture

polar area

11. polar area

dry pollen grains

12. dry pollen grains

pollen grain in cross section

13. pollen grain in cross section

interapertural area of pollen wall

14. interapertural area of pollen wall

interapertural area of pollen wall

15. interapertural area of pollen wall

interapertural area of pollen wall

16. interapertural area of pollen wall

apertural area of pollen wall

17. apertural area of pollen wall

pollen wall at transition of aperture and interapertural area

18. pollen wall at transition of aperture and interapertural area

vegetative nucleus and generative cell (right)

19. vegetative nucleus and generative cell (right)

Picture legend

  1. flower(s), photographer: Halbritter, H.
  2. male flowers, photographer: Diethart, B.
  3. male flowers, photographer: Diethart, B.
  4. pollen grain with generative cell - fresh, unfixed, aceto-carmine, photographer: Diethart, B.
  5. upper focus - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
  6. optical section - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
  7. lower focus - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
  8. polar view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  9. equatorial view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  10. aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  11. polar area - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  12. dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  13. pollen grain in cross section - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Diethart, B.
  14. interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  15. interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  16. interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Diethart, B.
  17. apertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  18. pollen wall at transition of aperture and interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  19. vegetative nucleus and generative cell (right) - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.

Literature

  • Meeuse ADJ (1978) Entomophily in Salix: theoretical considerations. In: Richards A.J. (ed) The Pollination of Flowers by Insects. Linnean Society Symposium Series No 6 : 47-50
  • Rowley JR, Erdtman G (1967) Sporoderm in Populus and Salix. Grana Palynol 7: 517-567
  • Van Der WF, Cappellato R, Meeuse ADJ (1982) Entomophily in Salix. II. Efficacy and flower constancy of insects visiting some willows and sallows. Beitr Biol Pflanzen 56: 105-116
  • Adler W, Oswald K, Fischer R. (1994) Exkursionsflora von Österreich : 1180
  • Halbritter, H (1998) Preparing living pollen material for scanning electron microscopy using 2,2-dimethoxypropane (DMP) and criticalpoint drying. Biotechnic Histochem 73: 137–143

Copyright and Citation

Cite this publication as:

Halbritter H., Diethart B. 2016. Salix fragilis. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://pc8.botanik.univie.ac.at/pub/Salix_fragilis/301226; accessed 2025-01-25

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