Carpinus betulus
Taxonomy: Spermatophyta, Fagales, Betulaceae, Carpinus
Published: 2005-06-01
Pollen Description
Shape, Size and Aperture
pollen unit: monad, dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad, size (pollen unit): medium-sized (26-50 µm), size of hydrated pollen (LM): -, shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -, longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -, shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -, longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -, pollen class: -, polarity: isopolar, P/E-ratio: -, shape: spheroidal, outline in polar view: circular, dominant orientation (LM): -, P/E-ratio (dry pollen): -, shape (dry pollen): irregular, outline in polar view (dry pollen): irregular, infoldings (dry pollen): interapertural area sunken, aperture number: 4, aperture type: -, aperture condition: porate, aperture peculiarities: oncus, operculum
Ornamentation and Structure
LM ornamentation LM: psilate, nexine: -, sexine: -, SEM ornamentation SEM: microechinate, rugulate, suprasculpture SEM: -, TEM tectum: eutectate, infratectum: granular, foot layer: continuous, endexine: absent, intine: monolayered, wall peculiarities: -, supratectal element: -
Miscellaneous
pollen coatings: absent, reserves in cytoplasm: starch, cell number: 2-celled, Ubisch bodies: present
Annotations: The number of apertures is 4, sometimes 5 and sometimes also only 3.
Author(s) of diagnosis: Halbritter, H.; Schneider, H.; Sam, S.
Pictures
1. habitus
2. inflorescence(s)
3. male flowers
4. detail of flower(s)
5. pollen grain with generative cell
6. upper focus
7. optical section
8. lower focus
9. slightly oblique polar view
10. equatorial view
11. equatorial view
12. aperture
13. aperture
14. exine surface
15. exine surface
16. dry pollen grains
17. dry pollen grains
18. Ubisch bodies
19. interapertural area of pollen wall
20. apertural area of pollen wall
21. Ubisch bodies
22. generative cell
Picture legend
- habitus, photographer: Sam, S.
- inflorescence(s), photographer: Sam, S.
- male flowers, photographer: Schneider, H.
- detail of flower(s), photographer: Schneider, H.
- pollen grain with generative cell - fresh, unfixed, aceto-carmine, photographer: Sam, S.
- upper focus - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Sam, S.
- optical section - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Sam, S.
- lower focus - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Sam, S.
- slightly oblique polar view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Sam, S.
- equatorial view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Sam, S.
- equatorial view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Sam, S.
- aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Sam, S.
- exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Sam, S.
- exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Sam, S.
- dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Sam, S.
- Ubisch bodies - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Sam, S.
- interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Sam, S.
- apertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Sam, S.
- Ubisch bodies - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Sam, S.
- generative cell - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Sam, S.
Literature
Copyright and Citation
Cite this publication as:
Halbritter H., Schneider H., Sam S. 2005. Carpinus betulus. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://pc8.botanik.univie.ac.at/pub/Carpinus_betulus/108745; accessed 2025-04-28